Development and application of low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel
1. Introduction
Low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel is a new type of alloy material developed in recent years. It is composed of low-alloy high-strength steel and wear-resistant alloy additives. It has the characteristics of high strength, strong toughness and good wear resistance. Moreover, its mechanical properties are better than traditional steel materials, and its fatigue and impact resistance are better. It is especially suitable for modern heavy machinery, aviation, high-speed rail, offshore oil and gas, power engineering and other equipment that needs to work under high temperature and high load conditions. The development of low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel has greatly increased the service life of equipment and reduced the production cost.
2. Development of Low-Alloy High-Strength Wear-Resistant Steel
With the development of science and technology, the abbreviation of the development cycle for modern high-tech products is becoming more and more urgent. In particular, with the development of high-speed railway and ultra-deep-sea oil and gas exploration, more and more equipment needs to bear extremely harsh working environment, which brings huge challenges to the selection of materials. Therefore, low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel becomes more and more important. In recent years, the development of low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel technology has made a great breakthrough, which has greatly improved the mechanical properties of the material.
The microstructure of low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel is composed of ferrite + tempered martensite + a small amount of fine carbide. Through refined steel making, its microstructure is uniform, grains are fine, and its mechanical properties can be improved. In addition, the microstructure of low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel can also be improved by adding alloy elements. For example, the addition of Cr, Mo and other elements can improve the resistance of low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel to abrasion, corrosion and high temperature oxidation.
In addition to improving the microstructure, alloying elements can also be added to improve the wear resistance, fatigue resistance and impact resistance of low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel. The Cr element has strong carbide-forming ability and can increase the strength and hardness of the material, while Mo and W elements have strong hardenability and can improve the wear resistance of the material. In order to improve the wear resistance of the material further, alloying elements such as V, Mn, Ce and B are used to combine with Cr, Mo and W elements to form a composite carbide, so that the wear resistance of the material can be improved significantly.
3. Applications of Low-Alloy High-Strength Wear-Resistant Steel
3.1 Rail Vehicle Components
Low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel has excellent wear resistance, fatigue resistance and impact resistance, so it has become the material of choice for the manufacture of rail vehicle components such as wheels and brake discs. This can effectively reduce the weight of the vehicle and improve the safety of the vehicle. In addition, due to its excellent corrosion resistance, low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel can effectively resist the corrosion of cold and hot sweat and dust on the surface of the components, so as to further extend the service life of the components.
3.2 Oil and Gas Exploration Components
Low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel can also be used in the manufacture of oil and gas exploration components such as drills and drill bits. The wear resistance of low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel is significantly higher than that of traditional high-strength steel, which can effectively resist wear and tear during oil and gas exploration. At the same time, due to its high strength, it can reduce the weight of the components and extend the service life of the components.
4. Conclusion
Low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel is a new type of alloy material composed of low-alloy high-strength steel and wear-resistant alloy additives. It has excellent wear resistance, fatigue resistance and impact resistance, and can be used in the manufacture of rail vehicle components, oil and gas exploration components and other equipment working under high temperature and high load conditions, with significant reduction in weight.
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